Localization of global scientific Knowledge – or: how global Theories became local Buzzwords

Abstract

The production of scientific knowle­dge is organized around a series of transnationally relevant theories. Neglect or ignorance of those theo­ries generally leads to a rejection of the correspondent studies by fellow scientists. The production of trans­nationally relevant theories happens mainly in the Global North and is in­fluenced heavily by the institutional frameworks and the academic cultu­re there. The process of transnationa­lization of a given theory is therefore an act of globalization of one specific locality – the theory on power by Max Weber carries in it German values and ideals of the early 20th century. Transnationalized theories are not simply accepted in other countries, but go through a process of locali­zation by the agents and institutions there. They are translated into the local culture and the local academic sphere. The values in Weber’s theory are connected to local values and by this, the theory as such is resignified. This text will study the process of localization of transnational theories in social sciences in the Ecuadorian university. Social sciences in Ecuador have a history as academic discipline since the 1960s and are marked by several breaks considering the use of theory. The argument here will be that the localization of transnational theories happens in part in the form of buzzword-like categories, such as “North American sociology” or “positivism” and in part via subsummation under already existing theories and non-theoretic values. The result was–at least for a certain time– a contradictory and rebellious re-creation of theory that is the base for nowadays theory-building in Ecuador.